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Thursday, March 17, 2016

A HARTFORD FIREFIGHTER'S VIEWPOINT



This letter was e-mailed to me this morning. As we approach difficult financial decisions for the City of Hartford, I think we need to keep in mind the potential consequences of some of those decisions, and the potential human impact. The letter is long, but it provides a very interesting perspective from a front line firefighter. Please take a few minutes to read it.


I am writing this letter with hope that my message could be spread further with your help than it could be on my own. I was born at Hartford Hospital and have spent my entire life living in East Granby, Hartford, West Hartford, and Windsor. I am 30 years old and at this point have spent half of my life formally involved in the fire service. My father and his father were both firemen. I earned a Fire Technology Degree from Capital Community College and have spent the last eight years as one of the many proud, passionate, and dedicated members of the Hartford Fire Department. I am telling you this because although I am far from being an expert, I have picked up a couple things during my journey thus far.
As almost all of you are aware, the city is in a bad financial place. The Mayor said, “The financial condition is dire”, and “we are in a state of fiscal emergency”. The debt is beyond my comprehension, and I will never understand how the people voted into office could let this happen. Surely there were many contributing factors that led us down this path and some key players have since been removed from office. I am not the guy to run the City nor would I want to be. I have no plan to offer to right the ship. What I do know is that the America’s fire service is in a very delicate place, and the Hartford Fire Department is no better off.
I would venture to guess that the majority of people don’t really know the intricacies involved when the Fire Department responds to a call and goes to work. My goal is to provide you with a better understanding of the life of a Hartford fireman and also bring to your attention the dangerous decisions Mayor Luke Bronin is willing to make to save money. There is a great deal of information that will help you better understand the fire service and I have only included the bare minimum. So let’s talk about fire, the history of firefighting, the Hartford Fire Department in particular, and the health and safety of a fireman.

Fire
Harnessing fire and its great power was arguably the single greatest revolution in the history of mankind. Once early man began utilizing fire as a tool the entire dynamic of human life changed. For the first time ever, fire was being used as a heat source to cook and destroy bacteria and toxins. Early man could now extend daytime with light from fire and keep predators away. Over time, controlled burning became the focal point for cooking and conversation. Man would gather around fire to tell stories and pass on important skills. Time spent by the fire was an early example of school, and by bringing people together societies began to form. Fire has been the key survival instrument for mankind for a million years.
I find this important to note because if you look at civilization today things have not changed. Heating your home, cooking, traveling in your car, and many other activities still rely on fire and combustion. Technology and the use of fire have evolved over time but will never disappear. With the ability to harness the power of fire and heat the inevitable is bound to happen, uncontrolled burning. Uncontrolled fire has been a danger to mankind since the beginning and for as long as we live we will be faced with this dangerous phenomenon.


The History of Firefighting

The concept of combating fire has been in existence since ancient Egyptian times, but really took hold during the Roman Empire. Paid fire brigades would respond to and extinguish fires and patrol the streets enforcing early fire codes. Even early civilizations knew the importance of fire protection. It didn’t take long for fire to become a major concern in the New World when America’s early settlers had to deal with fires in the Jamestown settlement that destroyed apparel, lodging, and provisions. So as you can see, the history of accidental fires dates back quite some time and continues to occur to this day.
As cities began to grow, the need for fire suppression became more obvious. A line of people filling up buckets and tossing water on a fire was an early method of suppression. When insurance companies were established many of them would have their own fire protection companies to protect their investments. The New England region fireman should be especially proud of his heritage. Modern firefighting across the World has developed from innovations brought forth from these northeast fire departments, including the Hartford Fire Department. Like everything else in life technology is ever changing and the fire service continues to adapt and develop techniques to keep up with modern fire behavior.

The Hartford Fire Department

It should be noted that the brevity of this information should be taken into account. Pages and pages of details have been omitted, but keep in mind that there are countless other details that could be added. Many important events have occurred in Hartford’s rich history, which have brought the Fire Department to its current place. In 1783 the roof of the wooden State House was burned off when citizens with fireworks were celebrating the end of the American Revolution. The first half of the 19th century saw major changes to fire protection in Hartford when early hand powered fire engines and hose were purchased, firemen were given a wage increase to $5.00 per year, and large cisterns were built to supply water throughout the city.
Many costly fires occurred leading up to 1864 when the Common Council passed an ordinance establishing the paid Hartford Fire Department which has been in continuous operation ever since. In 1867 we were the first New England department to install a fire alarm system in the street. In 1876 Hartford put into service the first self-propelled fire engine in the United States. In the late 1800’s a new water supply system was created and even today is among the best in the nation.
Over the years massive, deadly, and catastrophic fires continued to destroy prominent businesses, schools, buildings, and even the bridge crossing the Connecticut River. The tragic Hartford circus fire in 1944, the Hartford Hospital fire in 1961, and the Greenwood Convalescent Home fire in 2003 are three fires that gained national notoriety because of the changes they brought forth to national laws. This organization has continued to provide gallant service over and over again for the city of Hartford. Fires will not suddenly stop tomorrow; our service will always be needed. Sprinklers, smoke detectors, fire alarms, and fire prevention education will only do so much; they will not completely eliminate the need for the fire department.
The City of Detroit was walking a tight rope for years, and when the economy finally came crashing down the city couldn’t survive. In arguably the most technologically advanced time in human history, fire protection devices couldn’t protect the city from an epidemic of fire. Hard times are real and they are here in Hartford too. The city is 18 square miles of densely populated and closely packed neighborhoods of buildings, many of which are at least 100 years old. Vacant property scattered throughout the city has become the norm. The perfect storm of terribly unfortunate events that occurred in Detroit are not that unrealistic from happening right here in Hartford.
We not only respond to fires but any other problem you may have we show up. We are first responders for medical emergencies, consistently arriving on scene to render aid prior to any ambulance arriving on scene. Hazardous materials incidents, gas leaks, car accidents, people trapped in elevators, a boat capsizes in the river, shootings, stabbings, air plane crashes, railroad emergencies, water leaks, bomb-threats, power line emergencies, a kitten with its head stuck in a desk, I have been to them all with only 8 years on the job. The list could go on quite extensively. The Hartford Fire Department shows up for people in their time of need no matter what the problem is. I’ve been on multiple calls where people flat-out say, “I didn’t know whom else to call”.
When the blizzard of 2013 hit, firefighters worked 48-72 continuous hours rendering aid throughout the city. Our families were at home snowed in, while we were doing what we do best. And when the shift ended and we made the drive home there was a nice driveway waiting for us, ready to be shoveled. When the DPW trucks stopped plowing where were we? We were shoveling our trucks out when they became buried in snow on every call. We were walking block after block to get to people trapped in their homes who were in need of medical care. I’m not looking for an award; we were doing our job because that’s what we do. This letter is not about being recognized or getting a pat on the back, this letter is about protecting the members of this organization.
So here we are in 2016. Today’s firefighter is being challenged now more than ever to do more with less. Not only are we here to provide a laundry list of services to the citizens of this community, we are here to deliver a professional product backed by hours of training and experience to get the job done. The training never stops. At the bare minimum we annually refresh our training on our certifications just to stay current with the curriculum and State of Connecticut mandates. All of the disciplines that this job entails involve hours of training for each member.
This is a typical day in the life of a Hartford fireman. You arrive at work by 0800 at the latest and square away all of your personal protective equipment. At anytime a call could come in where a civilian’s life rests in your hands. Once you have your personal equipment in order its time to gather with the crew and hear the agenda for the day. There is no set schedule, no set breaks, no lunch hour; you will be here for at least 24 hours. No two shifts are the same. Your company officer has arrived early to review the reports from your days off. New e-mails, and notifications are read aloud.
Its 0830 and you’ve looked over the apparatus and made sure all of the equipment is in proper working order. You’re in the middle of cooking a couple eggs and the first call of the day comes in, it’s a fire alarm at the vacant YMCA building downtown. The elevator is shut down so you take the stairs to the top floor and start checking all the other floors on the way back down. Don’t forget your not wearing a pair of running shoes holding a bottle of water. If you normally weigh 200 pounds you are now pushing 300 pounds with all of your gear and equipment. Once you hit the 10th floor your really starting to feel the leg workout you did on your off day. This time it’s a false alarm, some water leaked into a smoke detector which set if off. Maybe next time you get to the top floor and find out there is a fire burning; your climb up those stairs was just a warm-up.
On the way back to the firehouse you get a call for a medical emergency so you respond and take care of business. Once you get back to the firehouse you replace the medical supplies you just used and run upstairs to eat some cold eggs. The news is running a story about last nights fire and you try and see how everything went. The TV you’re watching, the cable bill, the newspaper, and the ketchup on your eggs were all purchased with your own money. The city is not responsible for these expenses.
Every member is assigned an area to clean so you spend the next hour or so trying to get that looking good. It is Friday and that means its lawn day. You mow the grass and clean up the trash that has blown onto the lawn. You pull a couple weeds and hose down the front ramp. Just when you think you have finally knocked out your daily chores the boss comes down and says its time for drill. If the training division has not already assigned a drill for the day the company officer has some tricks up his sleeve. Of course another call or two interrupts the drill. Once you’ve sweated through your second shirt for the day you give up on putting on a clean one. It may not seem like a big deal but you will have to bring your dirty uniforms home to wash, the city does not provide any washing machines. Being exposed to nursing homes, hospitals, and sick people on a daily basis means you may be bringing home some unwanted germs.
The rest of your day goes by quick. You grab a sandwich from the local deli, go to the fuel pumps to refuel the apparatus, and go on a few more calls. While you are out of the firehouse you notice a situation that looks to be violating fire code so you contact the Fire Marshals Office. A night when you get through dinner uninterrupted is a welcome treat.
By the way, the firehouses in the Capital City are occupied 24 hours a day. There is a constant rotation of members in and out of them. Some of the firehouses are over 100 years old. Horse stables are now locker rooms, and in one house the hayloft has been converted into a gym. We, not the city, put the gym equipment there. Don’t think that the firehouses are some state of the art buildings. Steel radiators, and window unit A/C’s are still alive and well. One day a retiree visited the firehouse and said to me, “That’s the same sink that was here when I came on the job”. The man was over 90 years old and served as a fireman at the end of World War 2. I want you to know that when we go to work we are not exactly working at some multi-million dollar massive firehouse with all the bells and whistles. Rats and mice are welcome visitors to these buildings.
A big topic that a lot of people like to comment on is sleeping at work. Yes it is no secret that there are beds in firehouses. And you know what sometimes you get a few hours of continuous sleep at night. But tonight is not the night for that because the City is still awake and the calls don’t stop. More medical calls, fire alarms, car accidents, you name it, they will happen at any time of the day. The West Hartford Fire Department has a fire going on and all of their resources are tied up so they need some help. You and the crew will spend the rest of your shift covering a firehouse in West Hartford taking in their calls.
You are proud of the work you did over the last 24 hours and you can’t wait to get home. Your mentally drained and physically exhausted, a nice shower and warm breakfast are on your mind. For the single guys this will be easy to accomplish, but for those who are married and have kids to take care of, good luck. The family is happy to see you come home and they are fired up. The dog needs to do his business and the kids are shot out of a cannon today. You’re trying your best to be there for your family but you still have that one call on your mind. You are having trouble forgetting about the infant child you saw who drowned in a bathtub. That’s a tough one to get over but you do, because you have to. The people in your life depend on you. Family, friends, and perfect strangers depend on you to be on point and do your job.
If you are the company officer the burden placed on your shoulders is a heavy one. The life safety off your crew is on you. Every call requires extra attention and oversight. You have the final say over the course of action your crew will take on all of their calls today. Your crew is relying on you to provide guidance and have their back. The Hartford Fire Department is currently in a massive transition phase. 48% of the workforce has less than 10 years of experience, and 25% of the department is currently eligible to retire. The younger generation of firemen are well trained, excited to be at work, and are willing to learn; but nothing replaces experience and we are losing knowledgeable veterans of the workforce at a fast rate. Company officers are well aware of this and must take it into consideration.
I have talked to people who believe that the fire department just shows up, sprays some water, breaks some windows and then goes home. I refuse to believe that they honestly think that, but the mindset for many people isn’t far off. I want to give you a run down of what occurs when a call comes in for a report of a building fire.
Every fireman must size up each incident they respond to in order to prepare themselves for the call. This size up practice is crucial for an operation to be successful. The company officer will be performing a size up as well and will transmit vital information via a radio to all of the other incoming companies that are responding. The point I am trying to make is that everything we do, on every single call is a well-calculated move. Nothing is happening by accident, certain things that go unnoticed by a passer-by are likely to be well thought out and pre-determined, well before we arrive on scene. Something as trivial as the position of a fire truck at a scene has to be done deliberately. There’s a reason for the location of the apparatus, and the exact position it is parked. This is just one example, there are countless others. Here is an example of the size-up procedure a company officer will have to make for a report of a building fire.
Once you get dispatched for a building fire the clock is ticking. Your size up of the incident has begun. Many different things need to be considered in a very short period of time. Incredibly vital decisions will need to be made in a matter of seconds, especially when you arrive on scene. Variables of all kinds are rapidly assessed and the best course of action is quickly chosen and put into work. There is no time to sit around a table to watch what’s going on and discuss it over amongst your coworkers. The first arriving company officer is about to rely on his training and experience to set the tone for the rest of the incident.
Here is a list of some of the things that must be considered before putting your company into operation.
What type of building construction am I dealing with and how will the spread of smoke and fire damage the structure that I am about to operate in?
What type of occupancy is the building? Is it a store, a single-family home, or a high-rise building?
What do I know about the apparatus and crews that are responding? Maybe there is another call happening at the same time and the rest of the responding companies are coming from the south end of the city, this could lead to a delay in operations.
Considerations need to be made about the likelihood of there being a life hazard involved. It is critical to note the type of occupancy and time of day when determining life hazards in a building.
What type of water supply do I have? The water we bring with us in the truck will only last so long. I need to know where fire hydrants are located before arriving on scene.
Street conditions and other special considerations need to be known before over committing. A street may be closed due to construction. Responses around Trumbull St. and Pleasant St. need to be approached differently right now because of the baseball field construction project.
Weather is a major size-up consideration that should be assessed. Hot temperatures fatigue firemen very quickly requiring more resources than normal and cold temperatures may cause ice to build up. Wind can be a dangerous contributor to a fire. Recently two Boston firemen gave their lives battling a fire that was seriously affected by windy conditions.
What types of exposures are in danger of being damaged by the fire? Many times a car fire next to a house will start off small but the house will be exposed to heat and flame and next thing you know the incident becomes more complex.
What is the location of the fire in the building and what extent has it developed? Tactical decisions will be made differently for fires located on different floors of a building, especially in a basement. This information needs to be assessed and transmitted to other companies quickly, so they can formulate their game plan.
The time of day, week, month, and year all have different meaning when performing size-up. Is it rush hour? Are we responding to a school fire at 11 A.M. on a weekday or is it midnight on Sunday? Christmas time could mean that there is a dried out Christmas tree with additional combustible items inside a home.
What hazardous materials could potentially be involved? If there is a fire in an auto repair store or manufacturing building there is a good chance that some form of hazardous material will be involved.
All of these size-up considerations are equally important and must be assessed. A company officer must perform this size-up with-in seconds, and notify the other responding companies what the situation is and the course of action that will be taken to mitigate the incident. Every other fireman responding to the call will be performing their own size-up with regards to their specific job on the fire ground. The job of being a fireman is not to be taken lightly and the stakes are high.
I want to briefly touch on the topic of building construction. A fireman must look at building construction with a different approach then everyone else. We must consider the building as our enemy, and different enemies will try to hurt and kill you in different ways. The city of Hartford has quite the variety of building types. No fireman will learn them all and most often we don’t have the luxury of knowing a buildings layout before we enter it. However, trends in building construction techniques, state and federal law, and pre-planning a building layout has taken some of the guess work away.
Understanding building construction is a valuable component of this job and is an ongoing process. Buildings come and go, and building modifications and new construction are always in the works. A lot of the new light-weight wood construction (The new Nelton Court area) found in these buildings will not hold up to fire conditions very long and gives us only a matter of moments to operate inside the structure if necessary. Another challenge we face is that of illegal building conversions. These illegal conversions can prove deadly if members operating inside become lost or disoriented. In New York City in 2005, a fire proved to be fatal when members were caught in a dangerous and undocumented illegally converted apartment fire. The fire was in a building very similar to one typically found in Hartford. These situations are very real, and could happen at anytime.
As previously mentioned many of the buildings in this city are aging, pushing 100 years old or more. The most common type of residential fire that we face requires some well-placed resources in order to stop the spread of fire throughout the buildings unique structural design. A typical response to a fire in this type of building will almost always exhaust the resources that respond and will require additional resources to the scene. Every member arrives on scene and performs a job. Not a single fireman is unused. And this is for a typical fire. Throw in some unforeseen circumstances and even more resources will be needed to combat the fire. Before you know it a fire in the north end will quickly exhaust a majority of the cities resources and has left the remaining few companies quite a workload.
As I sit here writing this letter to you, considerations are being made to make cuts to the manpower of this department. This decision will have drastic consequences both for the safety of firemen and citizens. I urge you to please consider the consequences.
Mayor Bronin delivered a speech to a group of firemen on Monday and provided an opportunity for a Q and A forum. What struck me as odd was the fact that he stated that the police department was in need of adding new recruits to the force. He then stated that, “there are impending retirements and the vacancies should be refilled, and the hiring process would take upwards of one year”. I’m not too familiar with the inner workings of a police department so I can’t comment on the necessity of their staffing and the need for new recruits.
Here is what I do know; the Hartford Fire Department has the same need as the HPD, manpower. Ask any member of this department and he will tell you that the hiring process doesn’t happen overnight. The application period, written examination, oral interview, background check, a second interview, and recruit school will probably take the better part of one year. It seems to me that the Mayor has made his decision and I’m not feeling his support.
Right now the fire departments manpower is barely over minimum staffing, and 25% of the membership who have committed a lifetime to this department is eligible to retire. When staffing is this low you constantly have members working a 72-hour workweek. Working this many hours in not sustainable long term and dangerous results will follow. Although we are all trained to the same standard there is something to be said about crew integrity. Members from different firehouses across the city are now more than ever working together. These ever changing crews are just another piece of the puzzle that needs to be considered when going to work. Knowing your partners every move and how they operate is a valuable tool, and lately that crew integrity has become increasingly absent.
Over the years the fire department has lost resources. Companies that used to ride with seven and six man crews dropped down to five. And now we currently operate four man companies. Ladder Company 1 has been disbanded; Engine companies 3, 4, 6, and 12 no longer exist and two rescue companies have merged into one. This membership for far too long has been asked to do more with less and here we are again. In a time of crisis the city has come to us again asking us to do more with less. Well this time it can’t happen, there is nothing left to give. The members are being burdened on all fronts, and I don’t see relief coming.
Inadequate staffing has contributed millions of dollars to lost-time injuries, and dozens of Line of Duty Deaths. Tests conducted with the Houston, Texas Fire Department indicated that staffing below a crew size of four could over tax the operating force and lead to high losses. A 2009 study released on Fire Engineering’s website will provide greater detail on the subject. A quick Internet search for “Fire Engineering, staffing a need not a want” will get you the article. If the Mayor has his way we will be dangerously understaffed.

Health and Safety
One gripe that I hear from people is that firemen have a cushy job with undeserving benefits. People think that the schedule is easy and the medical benefits are outrageous. I would like to dispel a few rumors.
The schedule is a rotating one that requires constant fire protection for the city. Four different groups work a 24-hour shift. Each group works one day on and has three days off. During the course of the month you only have one full weekend off. Three weeks of the month you are scheduled to work Friday, Saturday, or Sunday. By the way, those Saturday and Sunday shifts are normal pay; don’t think that you’re working the weekend and getting paid extra. So, for the people out there who think the schedule is great and “cushy” you may want to keep that in mind. The typical Monday through Friday employee can look forward to being home with the family to make plans every weekend, firemen won’t experience that comfort. School recitals will be missed, kids sporting events will be missed, birthdays and other special events missed. Your family will stop in to see you on Christmas and share pleasantries in between going on a couple calls.
The three consecutive days off come as a nice break after working 24-hours straight. We have already discussed what a typical day in the life of a Hartford fireman could be like. That wasn’t an exaggeration, and you could very well go into the station tomorrow morning and see that exact day play out. Lets dive into this some more. If the shift following yours is in need of some additional manpower because members are on vacation or out sick it is more than likely that the vacancies will need to be filled with overtime personnel. Since the department’s manpower is at a very low point right now it is almost a guarantee that these vacancies will need to be filled with overtime members on an almost daily basis.
Members are eligible to work overtime on an equitable rotation. If you choose to work the overtime shift, it is another 24-hour tour immediately following your normal tour of duty. So now we are talking about a 48-hour shift with two days off. Overtime pay is straight pay, no time and a half or double time like many other jobs. All of the above information leads me to my first major health and safety concern, which is sleep deprivation.
A great resource can be found by searching for a report conducted by the International Association of Fire Chiefs titled “Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Fire Fighters and EMS Responders”. Here are the main points worth considering.
Sleep deprivation studies have shown that chronic sleep deprivation leads to increased risk for work-site injures, heart disease, and cancer. Interestingly enough firefighters average five times the number of work-related injuries as other trades, and we have the highest percentage of on-the-job heart attacks.
Many people in a typical workplace go home each night and have the opportunity to develop some form of a consistent sleep pattern. Fireman won’t have that luxury. We will spend at least 25% of the next 30 years away from the comfort of our own bed.
Even if no calls occur for your company during the course of the night, you haven’t really slept. Your mind and body are in a constant state of preparedness, waiting for that alarm to sound. When the alarm does sound and the lights automatically turn on you disrupt your natural circadian sleep rhythm. Constant disruption of this rhythm will break you down physically and mentally. Ongoing research shows that this disruption has been linked to cancer.
After completing your 24-hour shift, or maybe even 48-hours straight your time has come to go home. Consider this, you could have very easily just responded to anywhere from 10-40 calls or even more depending on what station you work at and other factors. The nature of these calls range in complexity. Some more demanding than others, but even the simplest and routine calls require physical exertion and/or exposure to people experiencing medical emergencies. Those calls have you exhausted and now you are ready to recover. Now instead of three days off you only have 48 hours to recover. Those next 48 hours will be seeking your attention from all angles. How well prepared are you to give your un-divided attention to being a good husband, taking care of your kids and pets, cleaning your house, mowing the lawn, cooking, and the rest of your daily routine? Most firemen will tackle this challenge head on and be great at it, but I want people to have a better understanding of exactly what it is we deal with on a consistent basis. It seems obvious now that the demand placed on a fireman and his intimate relationship could have a debilitating impact, i.e. Divorce.
The job of being a fireman is a very self-rewarding one, but it sure has its drawbacks. Studies show that the divorce rate for firemen is three times that of the general population. Lets say you work for a local company. You drive to work in the morning, have a coffee break at some point, break for lunch, and get back home for an evening with the family. I’m not saying your day doesn’t have its challenges, but the daily routine for a Hartford fireman probably looks a little bit different. The constant grind of coming to work has proven to be a contributing factor for many divorces.
If the Mayor chooses to cut man power, close firehouses, and change the shift schedule to work more hours per week I caution you that we will be treading dangerous waters. The load that will be placed on the members of this organization will be difficult to withstand, and it’s not because we are a bunch of cowards who can’t do the job. It is scientifically proven that sustaining that lifestyle will be detrimental to the safety of fireman and in turn the citizens we swore an oath to protect.
The amount of firemen being diagnosed with cancer is on the rise. Take a look at these statistics provided from the Fire Engineering article “What Every Firefighter’s Spouse Should Know”.

  • Brain cancer: 3.5 times more likely in firefighters with 10 to 19 years of experience.
  • Leukemia/lymphoma: three times more likely.
  • Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: two times more likely.
  • Multiple myeloma: 2.25 times more likely; after 30 years, 10 times.
  • Bladder cancer: three times more likely.
  • Kidney cancer: four times more likely.
  • Prostate cancer: two times more likely.
  • Testicular cancer: 2.5 times more likely.
  • Colorectal cancer (large intestine): two times more likely.
  • Liver cancer: two times more likely.
  • Skin cancer: two times more likely.

Breathing smoke, and absorption through the skin are the common ways to be exposed to deadly toxins. A typical fire can expose a fireman to Carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, nitrogen oxides, ammonia, phenol, benzene, hydrogen chloride, hydrochloric acid, methane, and hydrogen cyanide. Many reports document a direct correlation between firefighter exposures with these toxins and the increased risk of cancer. I will stop this very short but just know that there is increasing research out there providing a lot of good information about this topic.
Some other risks we are exposed to on any given day include operating in adverse weather conditions, exposure to extreme heat and cold for extended periods of time, heavy lifting, performing work with cumbersome and heavy equipment, exposure to hazardous materials and terrorist threats, dehydration, heat exhaustion, constant exposure to diesel fuel exhaust, trip and slip hazards, contact with sick and contagious patients, operating on ladders, electrical shock hazards, weapons violence, exposure to depressing and traumatic events, and exposure to traffic and distracted drivers while operating on roadways especially I-91 and I-84.
We know that firefighting is a strenuous job and can be very physically demanding. During firefighting operations studies show that our heart rate can reach almost 100% of its maximum. 164-183 beats per minute is common, and for a 31-year-old fireman this correlates to about 86.8%-97% of our maximum heart rate. We can measure another way. One MET (Metabolic equivalent of task) is the amount of energy/oxygen that your body uses while sitting quietly. Expect to see firemen expending an energy level of 12 METs while performing normal firefighting operations. This is just about the equivalent of running an 8-minute mile while at a 1% incline.
While performing firefighting operations you can expect the conditions to raise your anxiety level substantially. Every fireman will react differently and it takes experience and willingness to remain calm under pressure. Increasing your heart rate due to anxiety-induced moments can have devastating effects. At 60-80 BPM your heart rate is normal, but as it increases to 115 BPM and then to 145 BPM you will see fine motor skills deteriorating and then complex motor skills, which are required of you to perform normal firefighting functions. At 175 BPM cognitive processing deteriorates and tunnel vision sets in. Loss of depth perception and near vision is setting in. Your are in a dangerous place now because above 175 BPM irrational flight or flee, freezing-up, submissive behavior, and even uncontrollable bowel movements and vomiting may take place.
A combination of the topics covered in this letter and even more that weren’t discussed all contribute to the number one killer of firemen, heart disease. Heart attacks occur at an alarming rate in the firefighting community. Some contributing factors of heart disease and heart attacks are exposure to traumatic stress, exposure to toxic fumes, sleep deprivation, and fatigue. A decrease in manpower will expose the remaining members of this department to even more of these contributing factors. On average 100 firefighters in United States will die in the line-of-duty every year. The leading cause of death is heart attacks. If the Mayor is serious about protecting the safety of his firemen he needs to reassess his game plan. The Hartford Fire Department is already close to operating at its minimum staffing level, cutting manpower and closing firehouses is not an option!
This letter has no official support from the Hartford Fire Department or I.A.F.F. Local 760. I wrote this letter on my own without their blessing. However I am certain that the other members of this organization are passionate and dedicated to this profession and are willing to stand up and fight for their rights. Mayor Bronin is considering making changes that will directly impact my safety and the safety of Hartford citizens and its guests. We will be at the front line prepared for battle at 1100 Hrs. on March 21st. Come join your Hartford firemen at the Legislative Office Building where Mayor Bronin begins his pursuit to cripple our rights as a collective bargaining unit. If Mayor Bronin succeeds in this endeavor the consequences will have a harsh impact.

Andrew Beliveau
3/17/2016

35 comments:

peter brush said...

If the Mayor chooses to cut man power, close firehouses
-----------------------------
The problem is that the City has spent and promised to spend on all sorts of social programs, most especially the education "system," and now (arguably) can't even afford to appropriately fund the critical functions of a legitimate municipal government. But, appropriate funding doesn't necessarily include state-mandated unionization of the police and fire departments; i.e. "rights as a collective bargaining unit."

Anonymous said...

Wasn't the entire Hartford Fire Department based on volunteers in the past?

Anonymous said...

Wow. Let' s build another ball park and close a firehouse to finance it. Hartford has too many special needs poor people. The chickens have come home to roost, people. Fundamentally, too many uninformed voters elect too many inferior leaders and down the toilet we go. A slide into the dark underworld of stench and slime of recycled human waste all suckling at the tetts of mammy Hartford. Some still occupy their rotund behinds and we know who they are. Leftovers from the leader who had the cane field sun in his eyes for so long that he was incapable of adult use of the intellect.

It just occurred I must call someone in the city. I walked into an unlocked abandoned house yesterday on Newberry St. The copper pipes have probably been ripped out by now. The last time I called every department in town about an unlocked abandoned house, including fire, no one responded. Why? Because Hartford is the most dysfunctional town I have ever seen in my life. Why? Because everyone has employed everyone's dysfunctional family member. I will try again.

Bye.

KEVIN BROOKMAN said...

Not sure what your point is. Most Fire Departments were volunteer at one time, but even most suburbs now have paid fire departments at selected times. We are way beyond the point of a volunteer department working for our City, the call volume alone for EMS, let alone fires and other alarms would be unmanageable waiting for volunteers to arrive at Fire houses, not to mention Insurance rates skyrocketing, especially for commercial properties

Anonymous said...

I'd love to see what the remaining businesses in Hartford would have to say, when their fire department gets cut down to nothing and their insurance goes through the roof....Once the HFD loses that ISO Class 1 rating due to this pathetic mayor and his state cronies, its going to affect more than just the union members.

Anonymous said...

Kevin, what do you think the insurance rates will be when the city loses it's class 1 designation.

Anonymous said...

I've visited Hartford, CT before. I would think a city that was so densly populated with such a high pop capita per sq mileage would and buildings in close proximity would have cutting crucial people for the safety of their citizens as the last thing on their mind. Now, I know they just upgraded their bus transportation system with new routes and are currently building a baseball arena, as well as, the downtown vitalization project they seem to have going on. So, the funds are there. They just need to be reallocated and I think the residents need to turn out in support, but even more importantly they need to turn out and question their city council as to what happened. How could the financial status have gotten so abruptly irresponsible and no one take any course of action to correct it. Now, I am not a firefighter. However, I do have knowledge as to city planning and genral operations of a municipality. In regards to this letter, stations and staffing guidelines are implaced for specific reasons. To alot ample coverage of a city and efficient personal to complete the job. I wouldn't want to be the parent who loses a child or the person who loses their house and everything I own because they station that used to be down the block got shut down and the next closest station what several more minutes away. Consequently, allowing time for a fire to get out of control. Bottom line is. That safe feeling we experience during the day and night, the piece of mind we get, and reassurance we have that we rarely acknowledge but enjoy fully is due to these people. Support the firefighters. They are there for you at your worse time. It is the Honorable and righteous thing to do.

Anonymous said...

I would also like to address the writer of this fire history. I hope you keep journals of your experiences. You are a talented writer and one day, your accumulated notes and experiences will be an asset to you. They already are. I don't think anyone else could have expressed so poignantly as you have done. Keep writing. You are very talented. Thank you for expressing yourself even after I so cynically responded with my "Wow" note.

Anonymous said...

To Andrew Beliveau,
After 28 years working for the Fire Marshall's Office, retiring in 2010, I could have not said it any better, Thank you for your letter.


Joan Kelley-Davey
H.F.D.-F.M.O.-Retired.

Anonymous said...

Nice job Andy.

I wonder if Mayor Bronin realizes what the effects of altering the pensions of HFD would do?
Approximately 100 people will retire immediately. That eliminates most of the experienced people from the job. That eliminates all 8 Deputy Chiefs and their drivers. It eliminates the Chief of Training and the only Captain at the academy. It will eliminate the Fire Marshall, and the Captain of Special Services. It will eliminate the Captain of Strategic Planning and the PIO Captain. Also eliminates the EAP Representative.

The entire Local 760 hierarchy will be gone also. (not such a bad thing)

This will be devastating to the men and women remaining on the job. To have nobody in these positions will be a horrible liability to the FD and the residents of Hartford. Kiss the Class 1 insurance rating goodbye, say hello to higher insurance rates for everyone in Hartford.

The City will be spending a fortune to test for all these positions, and it will take a year to fill them all. In the mean time you will have fill-ins with much less experience. This is a sure fire recipe for firefighters and residents getting killed.

I hope the Mayor can sleep well knowing what is potentially about to happen in June.

KEVIN BROOKMAN said...

8:03PM

you are pretty good at laying out doom and gloom scenario, how about trying some suggestions for the possible solution?

Anonymous said...

You don't realize what you had till you lose it.Hartford Fire does a good job .You make drastic cuts experienced people leave you don't get them back.You destroy a good functioning department in the stoke of a pen but it will take you years to rehire train and build it back up.The Hartford Fire Department as a whole goes all out for the people of Hartford Maybe for once the people of Hartford should go all out for Hartford Fire.Get out make noise let the mayor know that you need Hartford Fire more than a new baseball field
Also the kid who wrote this open letter told the story well the shortened story but that's the life of a firemen and he's not complaining about it he's just telling his story so maybe just maybe the people will understand just a little bit.

D.Cavallo

Anonymous said...

Thank you Andrew and all of the women and men at HFD. I work as security in a high rise downtown and have many times been relieved when the truck pulled up to respond to an emergency in the building. I have always been met with a highly professional crew of people very helpful in fact, walked me through my first fire alarm and a person having a heart attack at the same time. I live in the city and am and will remain forever grateful for HFD. Let me also say, Andrew keep writing. Your essay was great to read and thank you Kevin for posting it.

Anonymous said...

Kevin,
I was not laying out doom and gloom. I was stating the truth. These guy could have retired years ago, they stay because they enjoy their job. I'm sorry if you do not like what is coming, but it's not my fault, or yours.
I have no clue how to fix this mess and did not say that I had a plan. I am a high school graduate firefighter in the City of Hartford. I have to make the best choice for myself and my family. If my pension and benefits are getting taken away after I work 25 years to earn them, I have to retire. I believe every member who has enough time to retire is thinking the same thing.
How many times has Engine 5 helped you in the past? That firehouse is one that has is rumored to close. God forbid you need them and you have to wait for another engine to cover them. But alas, you can wait patiently and think to yourself, thank you Mayor Bronin for closing the firehouse to keep the ballpark.
PS, more doom and gloom. One tour equals 70 firefighters on duty every day, Take 100 retirees from that, what effects will that have?

Anonymous said...

I HAVE READ ANDREW'S LETTER AND THE RECENT COMMENTS FOLLOWING IT.
ONE OF THE ITEMS MENTIONED IS HOW 100 OR SO FIREFIGHTERS WOULD RETIRE IMMEDIATELY IF BRONIN
GOT HIS WAY AND WAS ABLE TO OPEN UP AND RE-NEGOTIATE THE EXISTING CONTRACT.
I AGREE WITH THAT....... HOWEVER, RETIRING WONT SAVE YA!! HIS PLAN IS TO CHANGE
ALL THE LANGUAGE IN THE RETIREMENT PACKAGES AS WELL! REGARDLESS OF WHEN OR HOW LONG YOU'VE BEEN RETIRED. I AM ONE OF THOSE RETIRED F/F.
THE MAYORS EFFORTS ARE TO TAKE AWAY (THROUGH STATE LEGISLATION) THE PACKAGE I AND EVERY OTHER F/F RETIRED UNDER. SO WHAT YOU WERE TOLD/PROMISED ON RETIREMENT DAY, IS NOT WHAT YOU AND YOUR FAMILY WILL GET. AFTER ALL THOSE YEARS OF YOUR SERVICE. SO BEWARE AND BE FOREWARNED!!
..........PRESENT MEMBERS AND EVERY RETIREE SHOULD BE AT THE L.O.B. MONDAY.

Anonymous said...

this kid is under 30 and making 87k without overtime must be nice

Anonymous said...

Hey 11:09, what difference does it matter if he made 87K ? Its not his base salary. Do you know how many extra 24 hour overtime shifts he had to work ? ....and no, his overtime doesn't count in his pension. HFD pensions are based on your base salary at time of retirement.
Now I'm sick and tired of all these moonbeam, I don't get a pension so why should you crybabies !
Firefighters get brutalized. Your thoughts of firefighters sitting around and sipping coffee while looking at their vast stock portfolios are only dreamt up by short sighted beta people who don't have 10 cents to buy a clue.
Whether you're a paramedic, firefighter or police, the following applies :
Who are you going to call when you or your loved ones are having a stroke or a heart attack ?? Mayor Bronin ??
Is Mayor Bronin going to throw ladders up against your building when its on fire at 2am in freezing cold weather ??
When bullets are flying in the hood I highly doubt that the mayor or his sustainability board are going to pour out of a police van with vests and firearms.
That's right....its medics, firefighters and police that save lives under the most distressing conditions.
So unless you're willing to put your life on the line and have the same people that you are responsible for saving, scorn your very existence, stay home and keep watching Fantasy Island.
Kevin you ask for ideas about reform ?
Stop reading the mayors media releases about wanting to work with the unions. He is all about taking a butcher knife to every employee at every level.
Instead of pushing legislation, which if you read every word, gives himself and a board that he appoints complete and total control. Where's any fairness in that ?
The hard working employees did not create this mess. 30+ years of shoddy administrations did.
Instead of putting a knife to the throats of hard working union and non union employees with this legislation, invite every union to the table and work out a long term solution to the financial crisis. Yes, I will admit that some are apprehensive after being screwed over by previous administrations ie: giving concessions only to see the mayors throw huge money to their hired relatives and cronies, but this crisis didn't happen overnight and the solution should be long term also.
As of right now the mayor has declared war on the very employees who had faith in him.
In war, nobody wins

Anonymous said...

My life is worth more than 87k but if I have to run into a building to pull you out,I will not think twice about it,let's not forget that it was in a overworked understaffed department with young firefighters with little or no experience where ff bell was lost and others hurt,let's ask them or the bell family if 87k was worth it ?

Anonymous said...

87k is his base.. and the city needs to get ride of a whole fire house along with outsourcing of paramdeic calls. Hartford has the highest public saftey presence per residents in the country for a city its size.

http://m.hartfordbusiness.com/article/20140411/NEWS01/140419980/hartford-public-safety-presence-among-nation

Anonymous said...

May I weigh in here? First, no one is taking away anyone's pension. Adjustments, yes. Why? Because Hartford can no longer afford to give out pay, pensions, medical, social services, school rebuilds like as if building new edifices was going to magically bring up test scores after spending one billion over 20 years. Not the way these benefits were given in the past. There simply is not enough revenue to pay. So to the fire personal who are rightfully worried, I say, suave, bro. The pain is being shared whether you are a city employee or a small business.

Guess what? All those political leaders who constently advocated for more financial resources decade after decade did so because it is the easiest way to get reelected. Just tell the folks how you will allocate more on education and it is an automatic reelection. Well, the buck has finally stopped. No more business as usual.

Public Works hasn't quite figured it out yet. They are still wasting thousands of dollars on half-baked projects. To wit, the 5 bumps placed on Brookfield St along the side of a bike path. The chief engineer was warned about creating an opening through the bumps to allow bike riders to ride through. Now, every car veers into the bike lane to avoid the bump on their right side wheels. Guess what. Soon, a bike rider will be injured or killed because of this mess. Kevin, you have repeatedly deleted my story on this and I don't know why. Don't believe me. Ask Southwest NRZ about it. And you know who I am talking about but if I mention the name of the person who has wasted thousands on these projects, you will delete it. Why?

Anonymous said...

Hey Dimwit 2;35PM. As is typical of the intellectually inept. Why don't you use an article that's less than 2 1/2 years old if you're going to reference something ? Why don't you use statistics that matter, such as safe minimum manning of apparatus or call volume and response times ?? It appears that you are one of the beta manginas that Monday morning quarterbacks everything. Come back when you have facts that are pertinent to the life safety to the citizens of the City of Hartford. By the way, the base salary for the author is not 87K. Call the human resources department if you can remove your head from wherever it is.
For your spew of factually deficient information, you are hereby awarded the Friday Dimwit Award.
Where it proudly. I'm sure there is someone out there who may try to out do you on Saturday.

Anonymous said...

First, well said Andy,
As far as pensions go, we pay 8% every week into a pension plan to achieve a benefit that was contracted, promised if you will. That money is invested over our lifetime and the city is supposed to pay in the balance of the monies to keep it solvent. Also for those that do not know, FF do not pay into and are not eligible for social security at the end of the line. If you pay into it from a previous job or second job you pay in at a normal rate, but the benefit you will receive will be greatly reduced. That is just how that is done, therefore the pension is the lions share of your retirement.
Now lets talk about the future and labor in general, many employers in all sectors will tell you one of there biggest challenges is finding and retaining quality dedicated employees. The fire service is a unique field, also challenging and dangerous. It may sound dramatic but you risk your life and health every time you come to work. That is why the wages and benefits are high, the stakes can be high. If you are a bread winner for a family, your not only risking your future but the future of your wife and kids. Think about what that really is?
Big problems right now with no easy solutions, but if you cut all the perks out of these jobs or the cops, what will you get for fireman and cops in the future, sure you can leverage the guys in it now, but as a Mayor or other official you need to plan for the security of the "City" for future generations. Who will be your fireman or cop tomorrow. There are many savings that can be achieved wages can be frozen, but leave the benefits alone.
Also know the problems weren't created overnight, you won't be able to fix it immediately. We all know if you cut the pensions and the manning and the wages, that if the city comes back around you won't be opening any contracts to increase wages or benefits. All remember there are no COLA's in a FF pension.

Anonymous said...

Bronin , your running scared because of pension payouts and shortages of manning. why don't you look into a "Drop Pension" system where you lock the pension of a retiree and hire them back as workers. Give you some time to get finances in line and pension money is escrowed gaining interest for the fund and the worker. You could fill those vacancies with skilled experienced people. Many other CT FD's do it. look into it.
I might think about coming back. All those about to exit would not loose and you still could use them on the line.

Anonymous said...

Bronin you want suggestions, you need to fill spots but got no money, how about exploring a "Drop Pension" program. Retirees from Police and fire lock their pensions but defer pension payments that are held in escrow, builds interest for the retiree and the fund and you get to keep experienced people to fill vacancies immediately. You might buy some time to get finances in line. I might come back, sure a lot of those guys ready to exit would love to do that. Lot of fire departments in CT have such programs in place and it seems to work, don't know about cops.

Anonymous said...

If the city cut the entire budget of Police and Fire it wouldn't solve the problem. Why? Because Police and Fire aren't the problem. The problem is City management and lies. The lie is how bad the situation really isn't. That is why he wants the state to allow him to do whatever he wants without the burden of proof. Yes there are problems, but if they were as bad as Bronin says they are he would have proof to back it up. There is no proof that the pension fund can't be sustained. The city unions have a pension board that keeps track of the money and we have not been alerted that the sky is falling. It's funny that you don't here the Mayor suggesting that non public service persons be eliminated from the fund.

Anonymous said...

If you close a fire house? How does that solve anything? A fire truck still has to respond to the medical and fire calls which puts miles, wear and tear on the fire truck that has too respond. Then what happens when your engines are out on medicals and dispatch goes be advised we have 1 engine and 1 truck left. Then a box comes in and you have units on 91,84 and half way across the city out of their first due area for training or fuel what do you do or say ? i know theres mututal aid agreements but you cant always hope west or east hartford get there. Sometimes I wonder why the fire department sends the tact on every single call only for it to get dismissed half way there. Sometimes i wonder why they send a engine to drug overdose where the 10-10 is usually there way before the fire department. But the biggest pet peevee of mine is that they send a full assignment at night to an adress they go to all the time where the caller reports the alarms have been going off for 30+ minutes. It usually turns out to be held one engine one truck. Too bad we dont have fire chief John B.Stewart. he would of helped you guys figure this out. Good luck

LOCAL 760 strong

Anonymous said...

You must not work in the north end. The 10-10's, (code for ambulance) are slow as hell. Especially on Sunday mornings. Why did it take the ambulances so long to get to that double fatal fire we had about a year ago? AMR should be investigated.

Anonymous said...

@8:58 Remember when Kathleen Palm was Treasurer and the federal govt ordered the pension fund to pay out or be fined because the fund had made too much money? What changed between then and now? You're right, I haven't heard anything from the pension board stating that they could not meet their obligations. The city on the other hand, seems like they failed to make their commitment.

Anonymous said...

Fantastic job Andrew..can use that as a dissertation for grad school.

Thank you to the HFD men and women. I'm proud to be working next to you all.

You are dearly missed over at the Clark Street house... One of the best and hardworking house's in the city.

Keep up the good work my friends.

From

Police & Fire Association VP

Jane, NREMT-P said...

As a paramedic in the city of Hartford, I witness these men and women go above and beyond every day. They are an integral part of this city not falling into chaos. I am proud to work with each and every one and support their right for what is right and necessary and for the best. Thank you for your srrvice

Anonymous said...

LOOK HERE DOPEY,
READ IT AGAIN, I SAID TAKE AWAY THE RETIREMENT "PACKAGE". I SAID IT 2X.
WHEN A PERSON (LIKE YOU) DECIDES TO USE WORDS LIKE "MAKE ADJUSTMENTS", YOU ARE TAKING
AWAY THE RETIREMENT "PACKAGE"THAT WAS AGREED UPON. THE PACKAGE IS INCLUSIVE.
DO YOU SKIP WORDS WHEN YOU READ SENTENCES? GLAD I COULD EDUCATE YOU.

Anonymous said...

Who will represent the many hundreds of retirees (some 60-70)years old?) at any negotiating table, where is our voice? I will tell you.... NOBODY!! NOWHERE!!

For a group of politicians to arbitrarily renege on contracts /promises without consequence is immoral at best.... But even worse on retired old men... Why do we never see a politician losing their salary. (Unless of course they go to jail which is not often enough). Why do most politicians go into office middle class and leave multi- rich? Because they did such a swell job?..... Why do their families never suffer? And who is RESPONSIBLE for the fiscal mess? Firefighters? This is B.S.
I am retired fire, I have already paid my dues and thankfully made it out of a couple jams. I made calculating decisions after several decades to decide when I was able to (afford to) retire.
Now Bronin wants to change it all through state legislation ..... The KING has spoken.
Again , we have no unions or a validated fighter in our name. So screw you old timers!
And for all you youngsters, who say tough #@^*, maybe someday this will happen to your parents.
Then they can move in with you.

Anonymous said...

regarding the late ambulance on that double fatal..next time get them out quicker. If not then, tell all your neighbors to stop calling 911 for BS issues, cold n flu and taxi rides. We may have more units available then.

Unknown said...

I retired from the H.F.D and began my career in 1960. I was a Officer with Local 760.
during most of those years, the City worked under the City Manager Type of Government.
The city of Htfd. was blessed with two city Mangers. Carlton Sharpe and Eily Freedman.
The city budgets passed and it seemed back then that most of the city Departments were
functioning very well.The voters of the City favored a new type of Government and adopted the Strong Mayor Type of Government. Then things began to change and i think it was the start of the down hill slide and perhaps is a reason which has brought us to the problems of today.
Perhaps it could be an idea to change back to the City Mana
ger Type of Government.

Unknown said...

during the attack in New York City last year when the p/u truck killed those on the walkway
last year. All those working the scene did an outstanding job the only problem was not
ENOUGH AMBULANCES were not available because they were all tied up with the shit calls Tooth Ache, can not sleep, bad dream, etc)